Bluray - Revision history

Johnno: /* Transcode */

2020-12-14T21:58:26Z

Transcode

Johnno at 14:40, 16 November 2012

2012-11-16T14:40:49Z

Johnno at 14:36, 16 November 2012

2012-11-16T14:36:23Z

Johnno: /* Transcode */

2012-11-16T14:31:03Z

Transcode

Johnno at 13:56, 16 November 2012

2012-11-16T13:56:46Z

Johnno: /* H.264 options */

2010-12-23T03:07:49Z

H.264 options

Johnno at 03:05, 23 December 2010

2010-12-23T03:05:12Z

Johnno: /* Transcode to H.264 */

2010-12-14T23:29:10Z

Transcode to H.264

Johnno at 23:28, 14 December 2010

2010-12-14T23:28:56Z

Johnno: /* H.264 options */

2010-12-14T23:26:21Z

H.264 options

@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 === Transcode to H.264 ===
-;NOTE: ffmpeg developers fed up with Michael Niedermayer forked it in March 2011 and formed the ''libav'' project, with its ''avconv'' tool. Most of the key ffmpeg developers now contribute to this project instead. Like XFree86 and God knows how many other forked open source projects, Asperger's Syndrome strikes again.
+;NOTE: ffmpeg developers fed up with Michael Niedermayer forked it in March 2011 and formed the ''libav'' project, with its ''avconv'' tool. Most of the key ffmpeg developers now contribute to this project instead. Update 2020: looks like it's fizzled out.
 In this example, I am processing my [http://www.blu-ray.com/movies/Baraka-Blu-ray/1529/#Review Bluray copy] of [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0103767 Baraka].

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 == Rip ==
-Until recently the only way to rip Bluray discs on a PC was with AnyDVD HD in Windows, which copies the contents of the disc into a folder after removing the encryption and DRM. You then had to use something else to select streams from the M2TS files,<ref>Bluray video is stored in a modified version of the MPEG-TS container format in the BDMV/STREAM folder. The modification is an extra 4 byte time code on each MPEG-TS packet, increasing the packet size from 188 bytes to 192 bytes, apparently in order to better support buffering and out-of-order writing to random-access media. It is unclear whether this is an MPEG Committee sanctioned modification, but there appears to be some standardisation through something called [http://www.avchd-info.org/ AVCHD]. As of 2012 most players can now handle playing decrypted M2TS files.</ref> and remux them into a sensible container (Matroska).
+Until recently the only way to rip Bluray discs on a PC was with AnyDVD HD in Windows, which copies the contents of the disc into a folder after removing the encryption and DRM. You then had to use something else to select streams from the M2TS files, and remux them into a sensible container (Matroska).
 === Use MakeMKV ===
@@ Line 79: / Line 79: @@
 == M2TS files ==
+Bluray video is stored in a modified version of the MPEG-TS container format in the BDMV/STREAM folder. The modification is an extra 4 byte time code on each MPEG-TS packet, increasing the packet size from 188 bytes to 192 bytes, apparently in order to better support buffering and out-of-order writing to random-access media. It is unclear whether this is an MPEG Committee sanctioned modification, but there appears to be some standardisation through something called [http://www.avchd-info.org/ AVCHD]. As of 2012 most players can now handle playing decrypted M2TS files.
 === TS Muxer ===
-We can also use tsmuxer<ref>http://www.smlabs.net/tsmuxer_en.html</ref> to deal with M2TS files, and in particular extract the AC3 and DTS cores from TruHD and HD Master Audio tracks respectively.
+We can also use tsmuxer<ref>http://www.smlabs.net/tsmuxer_en.html</ref> to deal with M2TS files, and in particular extract the AC3 and DTS cores from Dolby TrueHD and DTS Master Audio tracks, respectively.
 [[Image:Tsmuxer.png]]

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 == Rip ==
-Until recently the only way to rip Bluray discs on a PC was with AnyDVD HD in Windows, which copies the contents of the disc into a folder after removing the encryption and DRM. You then had to use something else to select streams from the M2TS files, and remux them into a sensible container (Matroska).
+Until recently the only way to rip Bluray discs on a PC was with AnyDVD HD in Windows, which copies the contents of the disc into a folder after removing the encryption and DRM. You then had to use something else to select streams from the M2TS files,<ref>Bluray video is stored in a modified version of the MPEG-TS container format in the BDMV/STREAM folder. The modification is an extra 4 byte time code on each MPEG-TS packet, increasing the packet size from 188 bytes to 192 bytes, apparently in order to better support buffering and out-of-order writing to random-access media. It is unclear whether this is an MPEG Committee sanctioned modification, but there appears to be some standardisation through something called [http://www.avchd-info.org/ AVCHD]. As of 2012 most players can now handle playing decrypted M2TS files.</ref> and remux them into a sensible container (Matroska).
 === Use MakeMKV ===
@@ Line 75: / Line 75: @@
 == Subtitles ==
-Bluray subtitle streams currently need converting to SUB/IDX format before they will reliably go in Matroska files. This conversion can easily be done with BDSup2Sub<ref>http://www.videohelp.com/tools/BDSup2Sub</ref>. Choose Lanczos3 for best quality if changing resolution.
+Bluray subtitle streams can now mux into Matroska files fine. You may want to convert them to plain text SRT using some of the subtitle OCR tools out there if you really have nothing better to do, or just pull one off one of the dozens of dodgy websites dedicated to that sort of thing.
 == M2TS files ==
-Bluray video is stored in a modified version of the MPEG-TS container format in the BDMV/STREAM folder. The modification is an extra 4 byte time code on each MPEG-TS packet, increasing the packet size from 188 bytes to 192 bytes, apparently in order to better support buffering and out-of-order writing to random-access media. It is unclear whether this is an MPEG Committee sanctioned modification, but there appears to be some standardisation through something called [http://www.avchd-info.org/ AVCHD]. So in theory, a decrypted M2TS file should be sufficient for playback, but many players still choke on it expecting the normal MPEG-TS format.
 === TS Muxer ===

@@ Line 16: / Line 16: @@
 Having obtained a Matroska file containing the main title of the disc, we can use avconv to squash the video track from 28 GB down to about 10 GB using the constant rate factor quality setting:
-  avconv -i Baraka-rip.mkv -c:v libx264 -crf 21 Baraka.mkv
+ avconv -i Baraka-rip.mkv -c:a copy -c:v libx264 -crf 21 Baraka.mkv
 === Crop ===
-We can determine the crop using the autocrop video filter, which will output some numbers we can then use in the encode:
+We can determine the crop using the ''cropdetect'' video filter, which will output some numbers we can then use in the encode:
-  avconv -vf autocrop Baraka-rip.mkv
+  avconv -i Baraka-rip.mkv -vf cropdetect /tmp/x.mkv
-Since Baraka has 102 pixels of letterbox top and bottom, we crop thus:
+This will splurge output for an optimum crop per frame, which should settle out on:
-  ffmpeg -i Baraka-rip.mkv -acodec copy -vcodec libx264 -crf 20 \
+  [cropdetect @ 0xa3c540]  ''[...]''  crop=1920:876:0:102
-Note in the ''-aspect'' option we need to subtract the crops from the normal 1920:1080 aspect ratio.
+Which we now add to our transcode command:
 === User defined H.264 preset ===
-For best quality, we can improve the H.264 options by creating our own H.264 ffmpeg preset.<ref>http://sites.google.com/site/linuxencoding/x264-ffmpeg-mapping</ref> To do this, we stick a bunch of gnarly good quality x264 options in a file called ''/usr/share/ffmpeg/libx264-gnarly.ffpreset''. Then we simply go
+For best quality, we can improve the H.264 options by creating our own H.264 preset.<ref>https://libav.org/avconv.html#Preset-files</ref> To do this, we stick a bunch of good quality x264 options in ''~/.avconv/libx264-gnarly.avpreset''. Then we simply go
-  ffmpeg -i Baraka-rip.mkv -acodec copy -vcodec libx264 -crf 20 \
+  avconv -i Baraka-rip.mkv -c:a copy -c:v libx264 -crf 21 \
-      -vpre gnarly \
+      -pre gnarly \
-      -croptop 102 -cropbottom 102 -aspect 1920:876 Baraka.mkv
+      -vf crop=1920:876:0:102 Baraka.mkv
 Since quality is paramount, we should use B frames as references, turn CABAC and trellis encoding on, bump up the motion estimation and subpixel search methods, increase the motion estimation range (especially for HD resolutions), turn on the 8x8 DCT, enable weighted B frame prediction, bump up the B frame options, use mixed reference frames (especially if using multiple B frame references), and disable the fast P frame skip for smoother skies and plain areas. This produces a great quality, highly efficient encode (small file size), at the expense of much longer encoding time and higher CPU demand when decoding. Here's my preset file:
   g=250
   keyint_min=25
@@ Line 45: / Line 49: @@
   qmax=51
   qdiff=4
   me_range=24
   me_method=umh
@@ Line 51: / Line 54: @@
   cmp=+chroma
   partitions=+parti8x8+parti4x4+partp8x8+partb8x8
   refs=5
   bf=16
@@ Line 64: / Line 66: @@
 Single pass constant rate factor (CRF) is best, since two-pass is only relevant if we care about exact file size. A good CRF range is 18-23, with 0 being lossless and 51 being maximum compression and probably awful. We can also use multiple threads to speed it up:
-  ffmpeg -i Baraka-rip.mkv -acodec copy -vcodec libx264 -crf 20 \
+  avconv -i Baraka-rip.mkv -c:a copy -c:v libx264 -crf 21 \
-      -vpre gnarly \
+      -pre gnarly \
-      -threads 4 \
+      -threads auto \
-      -croptop 102 -cropbottom 102 -aspect 1920:876 Baraka.mkv
+      -vf crop=1920:876:0:102 Baraka.mkv
 === Cartoons ===
-For anime and cartoons, bump up the deblocking and noise reduction filters:
+For anime and cartoons, bump up the deblocking and noise reduction filters.
 == Subtitles ==

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-State of play as of December 2010.
+State of play as of December 2012.
 == Rip ==
-Until recently the only way to rip Bluray discs on a PC was with AnyDVD HD in Windows, which just removed the encryption and DRM. You then had to use something else to select streams and remux into a sensible container format.
+Until recently the only way to rip Bluray discs on a PC was with AnyDVD HD in Windows, which copies the contents of the disc into a folder after removing the encryption and DRM. You then had to use something else to select streams from the M2TS files, and remux them into a sensible container (Matroska).
-Now you can skip several steps by using [http://www.makemkv.com/ MakeMKV] instead. This will produce a Matroska file with the desired streams you select, leaving out all the subtitles and foreign language dub tracks you don't need.
+=== Use MakeMKV ===
 == Transcode ==
@@ Line 10: / Line 11: @@
 === Transcode to H.264 ===
-In this example, I am processing my Bluray copy of [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0103767 Baraka].
+;NOTE: ffmpeg developers fed up with Michael Niedermayer forked it in March 2011 and formed the ''libav'' project, with its ''avconv'' tool. Most of the key ffmpeg developers now contribute to this project instead. Like XFree86 and God knows how many other forked open source projects, Asperger's Syndrome strikes again.
-Now we can use ffmpeg to squash the video track from 28 GB down to about 10 GB using the constant rate factor quality setting:
+In this example, I am processing my [http://www.blu-ray.com/movies/Baraka-Blu-ray/1529/#Review Bluray copy] of [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0103767 Baraka].
-   ffmpeg -i Baraka-rip.mkv -acodec copy -vcodec libx264 -crf 20 Baraka.mkv
 === Crop ===
 Since Baraka has 102 pixels of letterbox top and bottom, we crop thus:
   ffmpeg -i Baraka-rip.mkv -acodec copy -vcodec libx264 -crf 20 \

@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 === Crop ===
 Since Baraka has 102 pixels of letterbox top and bottom, we crop thus:
-  ffmpeg -i Baraka.mkv -acodec copy -vcodec libx264 -crf 20 \
+  ffmpeg -i Baraka-rip.mkv -acodec copy -vcodec libx264 -crf 20 \
       -croptop 102 -cropbottom 102 -aspect 1920:876 Baraka.mkv
@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
 Single pass constant rate factor (CRF) is best, since two-pass is only relevant if we care about exact file size. Since quality is paramount, I should also use B frames as references, turn CABAC and trellis encoding on, bump up the motion estimation and subpixel searching methods, and use multiple threads to speed it up:
-  ffmpeg -i Baraka.mkv -acodec copy -vcodec libx264 -crf 20 \
+  ffmpeg -i Baraka-rip.mkv -acodec copy -vcodec libx264 -crf 20 \
       -croptop 102 -cropbottom 102 -aspect 1920:876 \
       -bf 16 -refs 5 -coder 1 -trellis 2 -me_method umh -subq 7 -threads 4 Baraka.mkv
 Or for a crazy HQ encode that takes ages, increase the motion estimation range (good for HD), turn on the 8x8 DCT, enable weighted B frame prediction and mixed reference frames (especially if using multiple B frame references), and disable the fast P frame skip for smoother skies and plain areas:
-  ffmpeg -i Baraka.mkv -acodec copy -vcodec libx264 -crf 20 \
+  ffmpeg -i Baraka-rip.mkv -acodec copy -vcodec libx264 -crf 20 \
       -croptop 102 -cropbottom 102 -aspect 1920:876 \
       -bf 16 -refs 5 -coder 1 -trellis 2 -me_method umh -subq 7 -threads 4

@@ Line 36: / Line 36: @@
       -me_range 32 -flags2 +dct8x8+wpred+bpyramid+mixed_refs-fastpskip Baraka.mkv
-This produces great quality, highly efficient encoding (small file size), at the expense of very long encoding time and high CPU demand when decoding.
+This produces a great quality, highly efficient encode (small file size), at the expense of much longer encoding time and higher CPU demand when decoding.
 === Cartoons ===